MECHANICAL
Stress & Strain Calculator
σ = F/A · ε = ΔL/L · σ = E·ε · Young's modulus
MPa
μstrain
Stress from Force & Area
N
mm²
Stress (σ)
—
MPa
Stress (psi)
—
psi
Stress (ksi)
—
ksi
σ = F / A
Stress vs force
Stress increases linearly with force (constant area)
Axial loading
σ = F / A (tensile / compressive)
Strain from length change
mm
mm
Strain (ε)
—
mm/mm
Microstrain (με)
—
µε
Percent strain
—
%
ε = ΔL / L₀
Strain vs ΔL
Strain is proportional to elongation
Elongation visualization
Strain = ΔL / L₀
Hooke's Law
GPa
mm/mm
Stress (σ)
—
MPa
Stress (psi)
—
psi
Stress (ksi)
—
ksi
σ = E × ε
Stress–strain curve
Linear elastic region (Hooke's law)
Young's Modulus
MPa
mm/mm
Young's Modulus (E)
—
GPa
E (ksi)
—
ksi
E (Mpsi)
—
Mpsi
E = σ / ε
Common E values
| Material | E (GPa) |
|---|---|
| Steel | 200 |
| Aluminum | 69 |
| Copper | 117 |
| Wood (pine) | 10 |
| Concrete | 30 |
Young's modulus = stiffness